超級(jí)電容器從儲(chǔ)能機(jī)理上面分的話，超級(jí)電容器分為雙層電容器和贗電容器。是一種新型儲(chǔ)能裝置，它具有充電時(shí)間短、使用壽命長(zhǎng)、溫度特性好、節(jié)約能源和綠色環(huán)保等特點(diǎn)。超級(jí)電容器用途廣泛。

　　Super capacitor from the energy storage mechanism above, super capacitor is divided into double-layer capacitor and pseudo capacitor. It has the characteristics of short charging time, long service life, good temperature characteristics, energy saving and environmental protection. Supercapacitors are widely used.

　　超級(jí)電容器又名電化學(xué)電容器，雙電層電容器、黃金電容、法拉電容，是從上世紀(jì)七、八十年代發(fā)展起來(lái)的通過(guò)極化電解質(zhì)來(lái)儲(chǔ)能的一種電化學(xué)元件。

　　Supercapacitor, also known as electrochemical capacitor, double-layer capacitor, gold capacitor, farad capacitor, is an electrochemical element developed in the 1970s and 1980s to store energy through polarized electrolyte.

　　超級(jí)電容器是一種介于傳統(tǒng)電容器與電池之間、具有特殊性能的電源，主要依靠雙電層和氧化還原假電容電荷儲(chǔ)存電能。

　　Supercapacitor is a kind of power supply with special performance between traditional capacitor and battery. It mainly relies on double layer and redox pseudo capacitor charge to store electric energy.

　　在其儲(chǔ)能的過(guò)程并不發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)，這種儲(chǔ)能過(guò)程是可逆的，也正因?yàn)榇顺?jí)電容器可以反復(fù)充放電數(shù)十萬(wàn)次。其基本原理和其它種類的雙電層電容器一樣，都是利用活性炭多孔電極和電解質(zhì)組成的雙電層結(jié)構(gòu)獲得超大的容量。

　　There is no chemical reaction in the process of energy storage, which is reversible, because the supercapacitor can charge and discharge hundreds of thousands of times. Its basic principle is the same as other kinds of electric double-layer capacitor, which is composed of activated carbon porous electrode and electrolyte to obtain super large capacity.

　　超級(jí)電容器原理是利用雙電層原理的電容器。當(dāng)外加電壓加到超級(jí)電容器的兩個(gè)極板上時(shí)，與普通電容器一樣，極板的正電極存儲(chǔ)正電荷，負(fù)極板存儲(chǔ)負(fù)電荷，在超級(jí)電容器的兩極板上電荷產(chǎn)生的電場(chǎng)作用下，在電解液與電極間的界面上形成相反的電荷，以平衡電解液的內(nèi)電場(chǎng)，這種正電荷與負(fù)電荷在兩個(gè)不同相之間的接觸面上，以正負(fù)電荷之間極短間隙排列在相反的位置上，這個(gè)電荷分布層叫做雙電層，因此電容量非常大。

　　The principle of supercapacitor is a capacitor based on the principle of double electric layer. When the applied voltage is applied to the two plates of the supercapacitor, the positive electrode of the supercapacitor stores the positive charge and the negative electrode stores the negative charge. Under the electric field generated by the charge on the polar plate of the supercapacitor, the opposite charge is formed on the interface between the electrolyte and the electrode to balance the internal electric field of the electrolyte The contact surface between the same phase is arranged in the opposite position with very short gap between positive and negative charges. This charge distribution layer is called electric double layer, so the capacitance is very large.

　　當(dāng)兩極板間電勢(shì)低于電解液的氧化還原電極電位時(shí)，電解液界面上電荷不會(huì)脫離電解液，超級(jí)電容器為正常工作狀態(tài)，如電容器兩端電壓超過(guò)電解液的氧化還原電極電位時(shí)，電解液將分解，為非正常狀態(tài)。由于隨著超級(jí)電容器放電 ，正、負(fù)極板上的電荷被外電路泄放，電解液的界面上的電荷相應(yīng)減少。

　　When the potential between the two plates is lower than the redox electrode potential of the electrolyte, the charge on the electrolyte interface will not separate from the electrolyte, and the supercapacitor will work normally. If the voltage at both ends of the capacitor exceeds the redox electrode potential of the electrolyte, the electrolyte will decompose into an abnormal state. With the discharge of the supercapacitor, the charge on the positive and negative plates is discharged by the external circuit, and the charge on the interface of the electrolyte decreases accordingly.

　　超級(jí)電容器的充放電過(guò)程始終是物理過(guò)程，沒(méi)有化學(xué)反應(yīng)。因此性能是穩(wěn)定的，與利用化學(xué)反應(yīng)的蓄電池是不同的。超級(jí)電容器突出優(yōu)點(diǎn)是功率密度高、充放電時(shí)間短、循環(huán)壽命長(zhǎng)、工作溫度范圍寬，是世界上已投入量產(chǎn)的雙電層電容器中容量大的一種。

　　The charging and discharging process of supercapacitor is always a physical process without chemical reaction. Therefore, the performance is stable, which is different from the battery using chemical reaction. The outstanding advantages of supercapacitor are high power density, short charge and discharge time, long cycle life and wide working temperature range. It is one of the large capacity electric double-layer capacitors put into mass production in the world.